BruceBlaus [creativecommons license] via Wikimedia CommonsDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects at least 171 million people worldwide. Many people with diabetes are dependent on insulin and must take daily injections to regulate the levels of glucose in their blood. Failure to control blood glucose levels can result in various acute and long-term complications that can have severe health effects, including hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease, chronic renal failure and retinal damage. Although insulin and other medications may help people to manage the disease, they are not a cure. The search for a cure continues, and new research shows promise.