Delphine Bruyere [creativecommons license] via Wikimedia CommonsChimpanzees may have better numerical memory than humans, according to a recent report by Sana Inoue and Tetsuro Matsuzawa of the Primate Research Institute at Kyoto University, Japan (Curr. Biol. 17, R1004–R1005; 2007). Their results challenge the widely held belief that humans have superior cognitive function across the board compared with nonhuman primates.